APPARATUS: Wintrobe’s tube with stand, 2 ml disposable syringe with needle, Pasture pipette, mixture of double oxalate, centrifuge machine and spirit swab. PRINCIPLE: Anticoagulant mixed blood is filled in a tube and centrifuged. Cells settle down towards the bottom because of their greater … [Read more...]
Blood (ABO) Group Typing Test [PROCEDURE]:
Apparatus: Normal saline, antisera A, B & D, pricking needle (blood lancer); porcelin tile/glass slides, dropper, application sticks or tooth picks, glass marking pencil, cover slips, microscope and spirit swab. PRINCIPLE Blood Group Test: Blood group means the presence of antigen on RBCs … [Read more...]
Hemoglobin Test; How to Perform:
Apparatus: Hemoglobinometer, pricking needle (blood lancet) and spirit swab. Sahli’s method: Hemoglobinometer: It is a box which contains: Stirrer: Simple glass rod used to mix the blood with acid or distilled water. Hemoglobin pipette: it is a simple pipette having capillary tube in … [Read more...]
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR): Procedure
DEFINITION OF Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate: ESR is a measure of settling down of RBCs in an anticoagulated specimen of whole blood during a specified period of time. APPARATUS WST = Westergren’s tube WTB = Wintrobe’s tube Westergren’s tube (pipette) with stand, Wintrobe's tube with … [Read more...]
Clinical Examination Of Heart ( Precordium):
THEORY. Precordium is the portion of the anterior aspect of the chest wall which overlies the heart. Its examination is carried out under following headings: Palpation Inspection percussion. Auscultation Inspection Clothing of the patient should be removed upto waist. … [Read more...]